Type 2 diabetes is becoming a highly prevalent disease worldwide. By 2030, an estimated 1 in 10 people will be diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Obesity, inactivity, age, family history, ethnicity, as well as genetics, can increase the risk of type 2 diabetes.
The aspects of health related to type 2 diabetes risk and the associated genes are listed here:
- Hunger and Satiety - FTO
- Sugar Intake - GLUT2
- Fatty Acid Uptake - FABP2
- Fatty Acid Processing - FADS1
- Antioxidants - SOD2
- Glucose Release - G6PC2
- Glucokinase Enzyme - GCKR
- Proinsulin Conversion - MADD
- Insulin Secretion - TCF7L2, HNF4A
- Insulin Sensitivity - ACC2, IRS1
- Glucose-Stimulated Insulin Release - ADCY5
- Beta Cell Development - PROX1, GLIS3
- Beta Cell Function - GCK
- Adiponectin Levels - ADIPOQ
- Hormone Levels - SHBG
- Zinc Transport - SLC30A8
- Circadian Rhythms - CRY2, MTNR1B
- Hypoxia - HIF1A
Please note that this test does not diagnose type 2 diabetes. Type 2 diabetes is a complex disease fuelled by a combination of factors. Genetic variants identified in the test are only part of the risk factors that can influence your likelihood of developing type 2 diabetes. It is possible to inherit genetic variants with contradicting effects, but it is the combined effect of these variants, along with diet and lifestyle factors that will influence your overall risk of type 2 diabetes.